James roche



ROGER (No Mode'l.)

PADLOGK.`

Patented Feb. 26, 1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ROCHE, OE TERRYVILLE, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE EAGLE LOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PADLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,669, dated February 26, 1895.

Application filed December 8, 1894. Serial No. 531,219. (No model.)

declare the following, when taken in connec-` tion with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,

and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-

Figure 1, a view in front elevation of one form which a padlock containing my invention may assume; Fig. 2, a view thereof with the cap or cover of the case removed showing the tumblers in their locked position, the xn aster-key indicated by broken lines as arrested by the stop, to which position it arrives when the tumblers are thrown back; Fig. 3, a similar view showing the tumblers in their locked positions, and the special key indicated by broken lines in the position in which its movement is limited by the stop when the tumblers are thrown to the unlocked position; Fig. 4, a view of the three tumblers detached, and shown in a group; Fig. 5, a detached view of the sliding ward; Fig. 6, a similar view of the special key; Fig. 7, a corresponding view of the master-key.

My invention relates to an improvement in that class of locks known as master-key locks, which are locks constructed in series, and adapted to be individually operated by special keys, and collectively operated by a universal key, known as the master-key, so that while the special key will not unlock any other lock of the series than its own, the master-key will unlock every lock in the se- The object of my present invention is to produce at. a low cost for manufacture, a dura'- ble and effective lock, constructed with particular reference to marked differentiation in the operating faces upon which the respectivekeys act. n

With these ends in view, my invention consists in the combination, in a master-key lock, of tumblers, one or more of which is con- 4 structed with two distinct operating-faces respectively adapted to cog-operate with different keys which are turned in opposite direc` to beused in the construction of padlocks,v

and I have therefore chosen to disclose it in such an embodiment.

As herein shown, the padlock consists of a case-A, a cap or cover A', constructed with a key-slot A2, a shackle B, three pivotal hooked tumblers C, C and C2, a stud D, upon which the said tumblers are pivotally mounted, a sliding ward E, a key-hub F, the oppositeends of which are journaled in the case and cap or e cover, a stump G, a shackle-spring H, and four pillars I, I', l2 and I3, located within and secured to the case, and providing, as shown, t'or the permanent attachment of the cap thereto, for which purpose the ends ofthe pillars are reduced and headed down after the cap has been putin place, to form the rivet-heads a. Of the said pillars, the pillar I2 provides a center for the shackle B to turnv upon, while the pillar I5 forms a mounting for the shackle-spring H. Under this construction,'the shackle will be thrown into its open position by means of the spring I-I, and retained in its locked position by the entrance into the notch B formed upon the inner face of its free end, of the' hooks c, formed at the outer ends of the tuinblers, the outer edges of the hooks being beveled, so that when the shackle is closed, it will engage with the beveled portions ofv the hooks, and thus push the same out of the way against the tension ofthe tumbler-springs C3, one of which is secured` to each tumbler,.and which bear against the adjacent portions of the case, and the cover thereof. y

The ward E, is constructed at its up'per end with an elongated slot E', receiving the stud D, over which it slides within the limits of the length of the said slot, and upon the uppermost of the three tumblers, which in this case is the tumbler C, butobviously the ward may beplaced under all of the tumblers or ICO between any two of them, if desired. The

lower end of the ward is adapted in width to fit between the pillar I, and the stump G, which guide it and hold itagainst lateral displacement. The inner edge of the ward is cut away to form two key-sweeps E2 and E3, which are separated from each other by an outwardly projecting stop E4, against the opposite faces of `which the special key J, and the master or pass-key J' are brought to a stop.

It will be noted that while each of the tumblers C and C' has two entirely distinct operating faces, the tumbler C2 has one long straight face, which, however, virtually forms two distinct operating faces, as will appear later on.

The face c of the tumbler C is designed to be operated upon by the special key1 J, and never by the master-key J, while the face c2 of the same tumbler is designed to be operated upon by the master-key J', and never by the special key J. Referring now to the tu mbler O', the face c3 thereof is designed to be operated upon by the special key J, and never by the master-key J', and the face c4 thereof by the master-key J and never by the special key J. It is to be observed that the faces i `c' and c2 of the tumbler C, are formed without relation to each other, and the same is true of the faces c3 and c4 of the tumbler C'. Referring lastly to the tumbler C2, the lower portion of the face c5 thereof is designed to be operated upon by the special key J, and never by the master-key J', while the upper portion of the said face c5 is designed to be operated upon by the master-key J' and never by the special key J, so that the upper and lower portions of the said face are virtually as distinct as though there was a shoulder between them. In further explanation of this, I may say that it is not designed that the bits of the special key J shall have any co-operation whatever with the faces c2 and c4 of the tumblers C and C', nor with the upper portion of the face c5 of the tumbler O2; nor, on the other hand, that the bits of the key J' shall have any co-operation whatever with the faces c' and o3 of the said tumblers C and C', nor with the lower portion of the face c5 of the tumbler C2, so that the said faces are made for exclusive coaction with their respective keys.

I lnay mention here that the number of tumblers in each lock, whether the lock be a padlock or not, may be Varied as desired. One tumbler will answer the purposes of my invention, but the range of combination is increased if a number of tumblers are used.

It will be understood that in the operation of the lock by lthe special key J, the same is inserted into the slotted key-hub F, and turned from left to right, causing its bits to be engaged with the faces c' and c3 of the tumblers C and C', andthe lower portion of the long straight face c5 of the tumbler C and to be entered into the key-sweep E3 of the ward E. The tumblers are now thrown into their unlocked positions and the shackle rey ward and stud.

leased, and the key engaged with the lower edge of the stop E4 of the ward which it forces to slide upward and outward until the ward is stopped by the stud D, whereby the key is arrested by the stop of the ward, and must be turned back to secure its removal from the lock. On the other hand, when it is desired to open the lock by the master-key J, the same is inserted into the slotted key-hub, and turned from right to left, whereupon its bits will be engaged with the faces c2 and c1t of tho tumblers C and C', and with the upper portion of the long face c5 of the tumbler (Rand entered into the key-sweep E2 of the ward E. The tumblers are now thrown into their unlocked positions and the shackle released and the key engaged with the upper edge of the stop E4 of the said ward, whichit compels to slide inward and downward until the ward itself is stopped by the stud D, whereby the key is arrested through the medium of the The key must then be turned back for its removal from the lock. It will thus be vseen that the respective operating faces of the respective tumblers are not only distinct and independent in their formation, but also that they are engaged with and operated upon only by the particular keys with which they coact to throw the tumblers into their unlocked positions. It will be noted that the sliding movementof the ward substantially corresponds to the widthof the stop, and that when the respective keys are arrested, as shown by Figs. 2 and 3, they lie in planes nearly horizontal, or in other words, in planes nearly at a right angle to the plane of the key-slot A2 in the cap A'. Therefore, by providing for the sliding movement of the ward, the respective keys although turned in opposite directions, are permitted about the same range of movement or reach, and furthermore, the stop may be made wide enough to be substantial without curtailing the reach of the respective keys. The ward might be fixed in position, but in that case the reach of the keys would be curtailed by the distance represented by the width of the stop. If desired, moreover, the ward might be dispensed with altogether, and the stop loca-ted on one of the tumblers, as shown in my prior patent, No. 525,562, granted September 4, 1894:; but it is advantageous to have the stop on the ward, for the reason that the location of the stop upon a tumbler would somewhat hamper the shaping of the independent operating faces thereof, and would also limit the reach of the keys over the operating faces of the tumblers, as a stop upon a tumbler wouldnecessarily be a fixed stop, and partake of the objections incident to the use of a stop upon a fixed ward.

My prior patent, No. 525,562 shows and describes a tumbler having two distinct operating faces respectively adapted to co-operate with different keys, which are turned in opposite directions respectively, and I do not broadly claim such a construction; but,

IOC

IIO

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a master-key lock, the combination with the other instrumentalities thereof, of tumblers, one or more of which is constructed with two distinct or virtually distinct operating faces respectively adapted to co-operate with different keys, which are turned in opposite directions respectively, and a ward provided with a stop against the opposite edges of which the respective keys are impinged and arrested, substantially as described.

2. In a master-key lock, the combination with the other instrumentalities thereof, of tumblers, one or more of which is constructed With two distinct or virtually distinct operating faces respectively adapted to co-operate with different keys, which are turned in opposite directions respectively, and a sliding ward having a stop' against the opposite edges of which the respective keys are impinged and arrested, substantially as de scribed.

3. In a master-key padlock the combination with a shackle of a spring for operating the same in one direction, pivotal tulnblers constructed with hooks at their outer ends for engagement withthe shackle, and one or more of them being constructed with two distinctor virtually distinct operating faces re# spectively adapted to co-operate with dierent keys, which are turned in opposite directions respectively, and a stop for limiting the rotation of the keys in opposite directions, substantially as described.

4:. In a master-key padlock the combination with a shackle of a spring for operating the same in one direction, pivotal hooked tumblers adaptedy to engage with the free end of the shackle, one or more of them being constructed with two distinct or virtually distinct operatingfaces, respectively adapted to co-operate with different keys which are turned in opposite directions respectively, and a sliding ward bearing upon the outer tumbler, and constructed with a stop against the opposite edges of which the respective keys are impinged and arrested, and 'which is moved in one direction by the special key, and in the opposite direction `by the masterkey, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specitication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES ROCHE.

Witnesses:

OTIs B. HoUGH, J. A. RUSSELL. Y 

